Moving a database in SQL Server can be done by:
  1. Offlining the database
  2. Copying the MDF file
  3. Attaching the datafile at the new server
You do this by  calling the sp_attach_single_file_db procedure
i.e.
exec sp_attach_single_file_db @dbname='MY_DB', @physname='H:\SQL2\MY_DB.mdf'
SQL Server will automatically create a new logfile
... Moving a database in SQL Server can be done by:
  1. Offlining the database
  2. Copying the MDF file
  3. Attaching the datafile at the new server
You do this by  calling the sp_attach_single_file_db procedure
i.e.
exec sp_attach_single_file_db @dbname='MY_DB', @physname='H:\SQL2\MY_DB.mdf'
SQL Server will automatically create a new logfile

Read more http://billennis-ssts.blogspot.com/2011/06/you-can-attach-just-mdf-file-in-sql.html